Cine s-a întâlnit cu Claude de Vin des Œillets?

Claude de Vin, Mademoiselle des Œillets, cunoscută ca Mademoiselle des Œillets, (1637 – mai 1687) a fost metresa regelui Ludovic al XIV-lea al Franței și companioana metresei oficiale, Madame de Montespan. Este cunoscută pentru implicarea ei în Afacerea Otrăvurilor (1679–1680).

Claude de Vin a fost fiica unui cuplul de comedianți, Nicolas de Vin și Alix Faviot, mai cunoscuți sub numele lor de scenă, Des Œillets. De la o vârstă fragedă, Claude de Vin a cunoscut deci viața nomadă, viața părinților ei. Claude de Vin a fost considerată cea mai bună actriță tragică a anilor 1660, timp în care a jucat roluri principale în câteva tragedii ale lui Pierre Corneille (Sertorius, Sophonisbe, Otto) și Jean Racine.

În 1668, sub protecția ducelui Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart, din familia de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Claude de Vin a intrat în serviciul marchizei de Montespan, născută Françoise (Athénaïs) de Rochechouart de Mortemart. Madame de Montespan, la inițiativa mamei sale, s-a apropiat de regina Franței, Maria Tereza de Austria, soția regelui Ludovic al XIV-lea. Marchiza de Montespan a sfârșit prin a deveni doamnă de onoare a reginei.

La sfârșitul anului 1666, favorita Louise de la Vallière a căzut în dizgrație, și următoarea favorită a regelui a devenit Madame de Montespan.

Claude de Vin a avut o fiică cu regele Ludovic al XIV-lea, Louise de Maisonblanche (17 iunie 1676 – 12 septembrie 1718), pe care regele n-a recunoscut-o însă.

Louis XIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand [lwi lə ɡʁɑ̃]) or the Sun King (le Roi Soleil [lə ʁwa sɔlɛj]), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any monarch in history. An emblem of the age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIV's legacy includes French colonial expansion, the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War involving the Habsburgs, and a controlling influence on the style of fine arts and architecture in France, including the transformation of the Palace of Versailles into a center of royal power and politics. Louis XIV's pageantry and opulence helped define the French Baroque style of art and architecture and promoted his image as supreme leader of France in the early modern period.

Louis XIV began his personal rule of France in 1661 after the death of his chief minister Cardinal Mazarin. A believer in the divine right of kings, Louis XIV continued Louis XIII's work of creating a centralized state governed from a capital. Louis XIV sought to eliminate the remnants of feudalism persisting in parts of France by compelling many members of the nobility to reside at his lavish Palace of Versailles. In doing so, he succeeded in pacifying the aristocracy, many of whom had participated in the Fronde rebellions during his minority. He consolidated a system of absolute monarchy in France that endured until the French Revolution. Louis XIV enforced uniformity of religion under the Catholic Church. His revocation of the Edict of Nantes abolished the rights of the Huguenot Protestant minority and subjected them to a wave of dragonnades, effectively forcing Huguenots to emigrate or convert, virtually destroying the French Protestant community.

During Louis' long reign, France emerged as the leading European power and regularly made war. A conflict with Spain marked his entire childhood, while during his personal rule, Louis fought three major continental conflicts, each against powerful foreign alliances: the Franco-Dutch War, the Nine Years' War, and the War of the Spanish Succession. In addition, France contested shorter wars such as the War of Devolution and the War of the Reunions. Warfare defined Louis's foreign policy, impelled by his personal ambition for glory and power: "a mix of commerce, revenge, and pique". His wars strained France's resources to the utmost, while in peacetime he concentrated on preparing for the next war. He taught his diplomats that their job was to create tactical and strategic advantages for the French military. Upon his death in 1715, Louis XIV left his great-grandson and successor, Louis XV, a powerful but war-weary kingdom, in major debt after the War of the Spanish Succession that had raged on since 1701.

Some of his other notable achievements include the construction of the 240 km (150 mi) Canal du Midi in Southern France, the patronage of artists (the playwrights Molière, Racine, the man of letters Boileau, the composer and dancer Lully, the painter Le Brun and the landscape architect Le Nôtre, all contributed to the apogee of French classicism, described during his lifetime as the "Grand Siècle", or even "the century of Louis XIV"), and the founding of the French Academy of Sciences.