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Grigory Orlov

Grigory Orlov

Prince Grigory Grigoryevich Orlov (Russian: Григорий Григорьевич Орлов; 17 October 1734 – 24 April 1783) was a Russian general and patron of arts who was Prince of the Holy Roman Empire (1772) and a favourite of Empress Catherine the Great. He was a leader of the 1762 coup which overthrew Catherine's husband Peter III and installed Catherine as reigning empress. For some years he was virtually co-ruler with her, but his repeated infidelities and the enmity of Catherine's other advisers led to his fall from power.

He patronised M. V. Lomonosov, D. I. Fonvisin, V. I. Bazhenov and gave them financial support. Honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Arts (since 1765). He collected paintings (including Rembrandt, P. P. Rubens, Titian), sculpture, Chinese, Japanese and Russian porcelain, hunting weapons, etc. (Orlov's collection has been preserved almost completely; it is now in the State Museum-Reserve "Gatchina" of the eponymous city). A large landowner, Orlov commissioned the construction of the Great Gatchina Palace.

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Catherine II of Russia

Catherine II of Russia

Ecaterina a II-a (în rusă Екатерина II Великая), de asemenea cunoscută și ca Ecaterina cea Mare (în germană Katharina die Große) (n. , Stettin, Regatul Prusiei – d. , Sankt Petersburg, Imperiul Rus), născută Sophie Augusta Fredericka de Anhalt-Zerbst, a fost împărăteasă a Rusiei de la 9 iulie 1762 (stil nou), după asasinarea soțului ei, Petru al III-lea al Rusiei, până la moartea ei, la 17 noiembrie 1796 (stil nou).

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